< Previous© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4329Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.Pause & ReviewEcosystems can change for many reasons, including natural disasters. Changes in EcosystemsMount St. Helens erupted in Oregon in 1980. Describe how you think this affected organisms living in the area.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Think of other reasons that ecosystems might change. Describe some._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Mt. St. Helens before eruptionMt. St. Helens todayPhotos courtesy of USGS.What are Fossils?•A fossil is the remains ofsomething that was oncealive a long time ago.•Fossils show us what animals that lived on Earth millionsof years ago looked like.•Scientists study fossils tolearn how animals havechanged over time.•Fossils also give clues towhat the Earth was likemillions of years ago.Dinosaurs – ROAR!•Dinosaurs are a group of reptiles thatlived on Earth millions of years ago.•Dinosaurs are now extinct; which meansthey no longer live on Earth.•Some dinosaurs were very large in size.Some dinosaurs were small though!•Dinosaurs lived their entire life on land.•Dinosaurs had different body parts thatmade it easier for them to get food.•Brachiosaurus had a very long neckwhich it used to reach leaves onvery tall trees.Where are Fossils Found?•Fossils can be found in differentlayers of rock.•Fossils (mostly insects) can alsobe found in hardenedsap called amber.dinosaur footprintfishfossiltrilobite fossilbrachiosauruspterosaurusallosaurustriceratopsinsect inamber© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4210www.newpathlearning.comFossils & DinosaursKey Vocabulary Terms•amber•dinosaurs•extinct•fossil•reptiles•rock•scientistWhat are Fossils?•A is the remains of something that was once alive a long time ago.•Fossils show us what that lived on Earth millions of years agolooked like.•Scientists study fossils to learn.•Fossils also give clues to whatthe was likemillions of years ago.Dinosaurs ROAR!•Dinosaurs are a group ofthat lived on Earth millions of years ago.•Dinosaurs are now ; which means they no longer live on Earth.•Some dinosaurs were very in size. Some dinosaurs were small though!•Dinosaurs lived their entire life on.•Dinosaurs had different that made it easier for them to get food.•Brachiosaurus hadwhich it used to reach leaves on very tall trees.Where are Fossils Found?•Fossils can be found in differentlayers of .•Fossils are found in hardenedsap called .© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4210www.newpathlearning.comFossils & DinosaursSome photos courtesy of USFWS.Traitseye colorhair coloreyebrow shapeVariation Due to Inherited TraitsSome offspring may appear different than one or both parents. This is because the offspring receive traits from both parents resulting in a unique combination that is different from either parent. Variations in humans include height and eye color. A child’s parents may both have brown eyes, yet the child could have blue eyes.Variation Due to EnvironmentCharacteristics of plants and animals can be affected by their surroundings, climate or diet. For example, if you eat too much you will become heavier, and if you eat too little you will become lighter. A plant in the shade of a big tree will grow taller as it tries to reach more sunlight.AdaptationAn adaptation is a trait or characteristic that helps a living thing survive in its environment. For example, it takes special adaptations to be able to live in a very cold environment. Polar bears have thick blubber and dense fur to help keep them warm. Plants that live in hot, dry climates have adapted special leaves to help them use less water. The thick stem of the cactus carries out photosynthesis.Inheritance of Traits© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4340Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.Some photos courtesy of USFWS.Pause & ReviewMatch the adaptation to the organism.© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4340Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.Main Parts of PlantsInheritance of Traitsspecial tongue for feedingsharp clawscamouflagesharp teeththick fur© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4326Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.How does an Ecosystem work?Pond EcosystemThe living organisms in an ecosystem depend on other living organisms but also on nonliving things for survival. For example, in a pond ecosystem, the sunlight helps algae grow. Algae make oxygen for the fish and also provide food for tiny pond organisms. The fish eat the tiny pond organisms, use the oxygen, and give out carbon dioxide (CO2) which plants need to grow. oxygenfoodCO2sunlightalgaetiny organismsfishfishaquaticplants© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4326Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.Pause & ReviewUse these terms to label the parts of a pond ecosystem: dragonfly, frog, tadpoles, aquatic plants, fish, water, Sun, algaeHow does an Ecosystem work?Describe how these parts of a pond ecosystem interact. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Plant Growth© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4377Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.-40-40-30-20-1001020304050-2002040608010012060140waterseedlingseedsprouting seedairsunlightsoil-nutrientswarmthWhat a plant needs to grow… Plants need many essential things in order to grow, such as: water, air, nutrients, sunlight, and warm temperatures. Plants need their space too!GerminationGermination is the process by which the plant embryo inside a seed grows and a seedling grows above the soil. A seedling is a young plant that is in its early stages of growth.Living Things have different life cycles…Living things have different life cycles. A life cycle is the way a living thing grows and changes. A flowering plant’s life cycle describes the steps a plant takes to grow and become an adult plant.seedsprouting seedseedlingadultplantseedseedlingsaplingadultplantBean Plant Life CycleApple Tree Life CyclePause & ReviewLabel the things plants need to grow.© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4377Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.Plant Growth-40-40-30-20-1001020304050-2002040608010012060140What else do plants need to grow? ______________________________________Animal ReproductionAnimals produce offspring in a variety of ways. For example, many animals have live births. The offspring develop inside the female parent which then gives birth to the live young. Other organisms, like chickens and frogs, lay eggs instead of having live births. Animal life cycles vary in how long they take.Inheritance of TraitsHave you ever wondered why offspring often look like their parents? This is due to the inheritance of traits. Animals inherit traits such as the shape and color of their body parts. kittens develop inside their mothereggchickadulteggsadulttadpolefrogletAnimal Growth & Reproduction© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4336Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.Next >