What Is a Mutation?A mutation is a change that occurs in a gene or chromosome that can cause incorrect or different proteins to be made and alter an organism’s normal trait. Types of MutationsA mutation in the DNA can occur when a single base pair is changed, removed, or added. Mutations can also happen when large sections of DNA are altered. Types of DNAMutationsATATTATAoriginal DNA sequencea base pair is changeda base pair is removeda base pair is addedGCATTATAGCATTATAGCCGATTATAGCCGCGsubstitutiondeletionadditionChromosome Mutations During MeiosisOther mutations happen when the chromosomes don’t separate properly during meiosis. Sex cells can end up with more or less than the normal number of chromosomes. Harmful and Helpful MutationsMutations are harmful if they decrease an organism’s ability to survive or reproduce. Other mutations can be helpful. Mutations are often inherited and introduce changes in a species. pgPeppered mothAlbino deerMeiosisttiMeiosismutation occursharmful colorationhelpful camouflageMutations© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4795Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.chromosomegenemutationDNAincorrect protein madeA mutation is a change that occurs in a gene or chromosome that can cause incorrect or different proteins to be made and alter an organism’s normal trait. A mutation in the DNA can occur when a single base pair is changed, removed, or added. Mutations can also happen whenlarge sections of DNA are altered. Types of DNAMutationsaaATAAAAAAAAAAAATTTTTTTTTTTTTTAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAATAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAoriginal DNA sequencea base pair iiiiiiiiiiissssssssssssssss ccccccchhhhhhhhhhhhhaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaannnngeda bbbbbbbbbbbbbbaaaaaaaaaaaassssssssssssseeeeeeeeeeeeee ppppppppppppppppaaaaaaaaaaaiiiiiiirrrrrrrrr iiiiiiiis rrrrrreeeeeeeeeemmoooooooooooooooovvvvvvvvvvvvvvedvvaaaaaaaa bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbaaaaaaaaaaaaaaasssssssseeeeeeeeeee ppppppppppppppppppaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaiiiiiiiir is addeeeeeeeeeddddddddddddddddGCATTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAATTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTAAAAAAAAAGGGGGGCATTATAGCCGAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAATTTTTTTATAAAAAAAAAAAAAGGGGGGGGGGGGCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCGCGGGGGGGGGGGGGGsubstitutiondeletionadditionOther mutations haaaaaappppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppeen whhhhhhhhhhhheeeeeeeeeeeeeennnnnnnnnnnnn tttttttthhhhe ccccccccccchhhhhhhhhhhhhhhrrrrrrrrrrrroooooooomosomes don’t separate properlyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy ddddddddddduuuriinnnnnnnnggggggggggggggggggg mmmmmmeiosiiiiiiiisssssssss. SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSeeeeeeeeeeeeex ccccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeellllllllllllllllllls can end up with more or lessssssssssssssssssssssss thhhhhhhhhhaaaaaaaaaaaannnnnnnnnnnn ttttttttttttttthhhhhhhhhhhhhhhe nnnnnnnnnnooooooooooooooorrrrrrrrrrrrmmmmmmal nummmmmmmmmmmmbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbeeeeeeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrr off cccccccccccccchhhhhhhhhhromosoooooooooooommmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmeeeeeeeeeeeeees. MMMMMMMMMMMuuuuuuuuuuuuuutaaaaaaattttttttttiiiiiiioooooooooooooooooonnnnnnnnnnsssssssssssss aaaaaaaaaaaarrrrrrrrrrrrreeeeeeeeeeeeeeee hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhaaaaaaaaaaaaaaarrrrrrrrrrrrmmmmmmmmmmmfffffffffffffffffffuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuullllllllll if theyyyyyyy dddddddddddddddddddddeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeecccccrrreeeeeeeeeeeeaaaaaaaaaaaaaaasssssssssssssseeeeeeeee aaaaaaaaaaaaannnnnnnnnnnnn oooooooooooorrrrrrrrrrrrrrggggggggggggggggggaaaaaaaaannnnnnnnnnnniiiiiiiiiiiiisssssssssssmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm’’’’’’’’’ssssssssssss aaaaaaaaaabbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbiiiiiiiiiiiiiiilllllllllllliiiiiiiiitttttttttttttttyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy ttttttttttoo ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuurrrrrrrrrrrrrvvvvvvvvvive orrrrr rrreprrrrrrrrroooooooooooooodddddddddddddddduuuuuuuuuucccccccccccceeeeeeeeeee.... OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOttttttttttthhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhher mutaatttttttttttttiiiiiiiiiiiiioooooooooooooonnnnnnnnnnnnss ccccccccccccccaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaannnnnnnnnnnn bbe helpppppppppppppppppppppppffffffffffffffffffuuuuuuuuuuuuuullllllllllllll... MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMutations are oftennnnnn iiiiiiiiiiiiiinnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnhhhhhhhhhhhhhheeeeeerrrrrrrrriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitttttttttttttteeeeeeeeeeeeeedddannndddddddddddddd iiiiiiiiiiiiiiinnnnnnnnnnttroduce changes in a speciiiiiiiieeeeeeeeesssssssssssss..... Peppered mothAlbino deerMeiosismutation occurshhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhharmful colorationhelpful camouflagechhhhhhrrrrrrrrrrrrroooooooooooooooooommmmmmmoosssssssssssoooooooooooooommmmmmmmmmmmmmeeeeeeeegggggggggggggeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeennnnnnnnemmmmmmmmmmmmutttttttttaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaattttttttttiiiiiiooooooooooooonnDNAiiiiiiiinnnnnnnnnncorrect protein madep
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