outer coreMagneticNorthMagneticSouthNorth PoleSouth PoleHeat Transfer & Convection Currents © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4681Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.Types of Heat TransferThere are three types of heat transfer. Radiation is heat transferred through space. Conduction is heat transferred within a material, and convection is heat transferred by the movement of liquids.hot liquid risescooled liquid fallsWhat Causes Convection? Convectiontemperature and density. When a liquid becomes cooler, its particles move more slowly and the liquid becomes denser.Mantle Convection CurrentsIn the Earth, the mantle is the hottest near the core and cooler near the crust. Because it has a lower density, the hot mantle material near the core starts to rise toward the crust.As the mantle rises, it also cools. When it cools, it becomes denser and then descends back towards the center of the Earth. This circular motion creates convection currents. Convection currents in the mantle cause the crust to move over Earth’s surface. radiationconductionconvectionouter coreinner corecrustconvectioncurrentsmantleCore Convection CurrentsThere are also convection currents in the outer core. These currents contribute to the Earth’s .magnetic fieldouter coteoutreMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMaaaggggggnnnnnnnnnnnnneeeeeeeeeeeeeeetttttttttttttttticNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNooooooooooooooooorrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrtttttttttttthhhhhhhhhMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaagggggggggggggggggnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnneticMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMcSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSoooooooooooooooooouthNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNoooooooooooooooooorrrrrrrrth PooooooooooolllllllllllleeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeNNNNNNNNNNNNNSSSSSSSSSSoooooooooouuuuuuuuuuuuuuuttttttttttttttttttttttthhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh PPoleeThere are three types of heat transfer. Radiation is heat transferred through space...... CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCooooooooooooonnnnnnnnnnnduction is hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhheeeeeeeeeeeeeaaaaaaaaaaaaattttttttttt trannnnnnnnnnnsssssssssssssssffffffffffffffffffeeeeeeeeeeerreddddddddddddddddddddd within a material, and convection is heat transferred by the red by the movement of liquidddddddddddddddddssssssssssssssmo.hhhhhhhhhhhoooooooottttttttttt lllllllliiiiiiiiiiiqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqquuuuuuuuuuuid rrrrrrrriiiiiiissssssssssssseeeeeeeeeeeeeesssssssssssssscoooooooooooooooooollllllllllleeeeeeeeeeeeeeedddddddddd llllllliiiiiiiiiiiqqqqqqqqqqqqqquuid fallsConvectiontemperature and density. When a liquid becomes cooler, its particles move more rslowly and the liquid becomes denser.In the Earth, the mantle is the hottest near thhhhhhhhhhhhhheeeeeeeeeeeeee core and cooler near the crust. Because it haaaaaaaaaaaaassssssssssssss aaaaaaaaaaaaaa lower density, the hot mantle material neaaaaaaaaaaaaarrrrrrrrrrrr tttttttthhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhheeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee core starts to core starrise toward the crussssssssssssssssttttttttttt.As the mantle rises, it also risecools. WWWWWWhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhheeeeeeeeeeennnnnnnnnnnnn iiiiiiiit cooooooooooooooooooooooooooooollllllllllllllssssssssssss,,,,,,,, it becomes denser and then descends backk tttttttttoooooooooooooowwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwaaaaaaaaardddddddddddssssssssss nd tthe center of the Earth. Thish. Tcircularrr mmmmmmmmmmmmooooooooooottttttttiiiiiiiiiooooooooooooooooonnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn ccccccccccrrrrrrrrrreeeeeeeeeeates convection currents. Connnnnnnnnnvvvvvvvveeeeeeeeeeeeccccccccccctttttttttttttttiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiioooooooooonnnnnnnnnnn currennnnnnttttttttttsssssssssnvvvvvvvv iiiiiiiinnnnnnnnnnnnn ttttttttthhhhhhhhhhhhhheeeeeeeeeee mantlemantle cause thecause the crustcttoooooooooooooooooo mmmmmovvvvvvvvvveeeeeeeeeeeeeeeemo ooooooooooooovvvvvvvvvvveeeeeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrrrr EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEarthhh’s surface. e. radiationconddddduuuuuuuuuuuuuccccccccccccctttttttttttttionnnnnnnnnnnnccccoooooooooonnnnnnvectionnnnnnnnouter coreinner corecrustconvectioncurrentsmantleThere are also convection currents in the outer core. These currents contribute to the Earth’s .magnetic field fi
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